Mechatronics Management (Part 1): Mechanical Aspects 机电产品的管理 I 机械部分 原文 by chad jackson 翻译 by 咋不乐
For the past three years, I’ve headed out to Phoenix AZ for the Congress on the Future of Engineering Software to talk with numerous providers and users of engineering software. The discussions are always pretty forward-looking, almost bleeding edge instead of leading edge. In the analyst briefing on System Modeling and Analysis, which was led by Allan Behren (who goes by the twitter handle @AllanBehrens), one of the engineering IT leader for Ford, Richard Riff, made a statement that made my ears perk up (the following is a paraphrase). 在过去的三年里，我去了凤凰城AZ参加了Congress on the Future of Engineering Software会议，与众多供应商和用户探讨了很多问题。讨论总是非常具有前瞻性，几乎是尖端前沿而不仅是领先水平。Allan Behren（他twitter的账号是@AllanBehrens）主持“系统建模和验证”的讨论。福特IT工程部的Richard Riff说的一段话引起了我的注意（下面是我的复述）。 The Ford Fusion has 142 processors in it. We no longer split up systems for develOPMent, hand them off to various teams and then integrate at the end. We actually work a lot more like a software company where we compile builds on a weekly basis. Everything is so integrated we just can’t wait until the end of development anymore. Richard, please correct me for any misstatements I might have made above. 福特Fusion总共有142个处理器。我们并没有将系统分开，发布给不同的团队然后集成到一起。实际上，我们的运作方式有点像软件公司每周编译集成的代码。从一开始，每部分都是集成在一起的，我们等不了最后才集成起来。 Richard，假如我描述的有错误的话，请及时更正我。 From my perspective, Ford isn’t alone in this stance. There is so much software, processors and electronic systems in new products today that manufacturers are having to rethink their development processes. Which brings us to an interesting question: how can enterprise systems, like PDM and PLM, best support mechatronics development? Today, it seems like there’s an increasing focus on how all of the product’s items and the artifacts that describe them should be managed in one place. But there can be quite a wide range of support capabilities that are offered. 从我的观点看来，福特不是第一家持这种观点的。现在的产品中有软件，有处理器，有电子系统。制造商需要重新考虑一下研发流程。这就为我们提出了一个有趣的问题：企业级的系统（比如PDM和PLM）该如何去支持机电一体化产品的研发？当前的趋势是将产品数据和描述产品的电子交付物在同一个地方管控。但是应该还有其他的功能来支持此类的研发。 Let’s take a look at each level and understand the advantages and benefits of each. This series of four posts looks at the management of items, data and bills of material for mechatronic products. It is split into mechanical aspects, electrical aspect, software aspects and integrated aspects. 让我们来看看每一个层级，并理解每个层级的好处。 这四个系列的帖子着眼于机电产品的物料项目，数据和物料清单的管理。它分为机械部分，电子部分，软件方面和集成部分。 Managing Mechanical Aspects of the Product（管理产品的机械部分） For the most part, the capabilities of enterprise systems like PLM and PDM in managing mechanical items, data and BOMs is one of the most mature in the context of a mechatronic product. 大部分时候，企业级的系统如PLM和PDM在管理机械零件，三维数据及BOM。这些是机电产品管理最成熟的部分。 Managing Assemblies of Mechanical Components（管理机械组件） Many CAD applications use what I like to call a federated approach to building up an assembly. Each mechanical component is often represented by a single part file. Those separate part files are then placed together to form an assembly, which is a separate file also. As those individual parts and assembly files change, you run into a configuration management problem. You need to know which version and iteration of each was used on a particular date for testing, a ramp-up run on the shop floor or was sent to a supplier. Most PLM and PDM systems extract and understand these relationships between these artifacts. 很多CAD系统使用了一种我称之为“联合”的方法来创建组件。每一个机械元件一般是单独的一个part文件。这些分散的part文件被放在一起形成一个组件。而标识组件的文件也是单独的一个文件。当part文件和assembly文件变更，你要开始进入到配置管理。你需要知道某个大版本和小版本的零件被用于某个具体时间的某个测试，或是工厂的试运行，或者是发送给供应商。大部分的PLM和PDM系统会提取并理解各种数据间的关系。 Managing Design Deliverables（管理设计交付物） Also, individual deliverables such as engineering drawings are separate files. These files have direct relationships to the parts or assemblies that they represent. And the same configuration problem that exists between part and assembly files also exists with their deliverables. Most PLM and PDM systems understand and manage these relationships. 当然，二维工程图是一个分开的文档。但与相关的零件和组件有直接的关联。零件和组件间的关系同样也存在于其他的交付物中。大部分的PLM和PDM系统都能够明白并管控这些关系。 Extracting Information for the Enterprise（提取企业级的信息） In addition to managing configuration issues, the information in these artifacts are extracted and used for broader enterprise purposes. The structure within the assembly is often used to generate an as-designed bill of material (BOM). Additionally, the solid models of the assemblies or parts can be extracted for visualization purposes. 除了配置管理问题外，存在于交付物中的信息将被提取，然后用于企业级的运用。组件里面的结构将被用于产生面向设计的BOM。与此同时，组件模型本身也可以被提取用于可视化。 Conclusions and Questions（结论和问题） Today’s products are increasingly mechatronic. This series of four posts take a look at different aspects of mechatronics management. From a mechanical perspective, it is important to manage the configuration issues for the relationships between parts and assemblies, items and their deliverables such as drawings and to be able to extract information from these artifacts like BOMs and visualization models for the rest of the enterprise. Now it’s your turn to weigh in. What’s missing in terms of capabilities for the management of mechanical design? Sound off and let us know what you think. Take care. Talk soon. And thanks for reading. 机电一体化产品会越来越多。这个系列的文章对机电一体化产品的不同方面进行了研究。从机械的角度来看，零件，组件，元件项和交付物（二维工程图）间的配置管理是很重要的。另外很重要的事情从上述项目中为企业提取出物料清单和可视化模型。 现在轮到你来发言了。关于机械设计的管理，我漏掉了什么吗？就谈到这吧，告诉我您的想法。 感谢你们的阅读。 |
